期刊名称：International Journal of Sport, Exercise and Training Sciences
电子版ISSN：2149-8229
出版年度：2017
卷号：3
语种：English
出版社：Balikesir University
摘要：INTRODUCTION: As one of the oldest Olympic sport event,the long jump is technically divided into four stages: run-up,jump,flight and landing. The run-up speed of long jump is priority indicator of the jump distance (JD). The JD increases at range from 6cm to 12.8cm per 0.1m/s increase in the velocity of the run-up [1,2]. Besides,they have described the strong relationship between horizontal velocity and jump distance as 96 percent. PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to determine the influence of run-up velocity parameters on the long JD performance for female world class long jumpers (WC-a) and Turkish female jumpers (TUR-a). Additionally,it compares two groups in terms of their results and velocity variables. METHOD: The results of TUR-a’s trials (n=34) have been obtained during the competitions. The photocells which are used to determine running times of athletes have been established 1m,6m and 11m distance from the takeoff board. Velocities for 11m-6m section(V1),6m-1m section (V2),total 10m (V10) and difference between V2 and V1 (VLoss) were calculated for each jump. Also official jump distances were recorded. For the all results of WC-a trials (n=28) have obtained from long jump biomechanical analysis report of 12th IAAF World Championships in Berlin [3]. Means and standard deviations (SD) were computed for the measured and calculated variables. All variables were tested with Shapiro-Wilk’sWtest for normality. The normality test indicated that all variables were normally distributed for two groups (p>0.05). Statistical comparison of the two groups was carried out using independent-sample T-test. To identify the relationship between JD and velocity variables Pearson correlation statistic was used. A p value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS: The means(±SD) of JD were 6.65±0.19m for WC-a,5.92±0.12m for TUR-a. Results of the study showed that,V1 (WCa=9.17±0.3m/s,TUR-a=8.40±0.2m/s),V2 (WCa=9.23±0.3m/s,TUR-a=8.53±0.2m/s) and V10 (WCa=9.20±0.3m/s,TUR-a=8.46±0.2m/s) values of the WC-a were significantly higher than TUR-a (p<0.05) while there were similarities in terms of the age (WCa=24.8±4.3years,TUR-a=23.2±5.2years) and the percentage of Vloss (WCa=0.57±1.4%,TUR-a=1.39±3.0%) between the groups(p>0.05). When the relations between variables are examined,it was observed that there are statistically significant relations between JD and V1(r=0.66),V2(r=0.62) and V10(r=0.66) for WC-a,also between JD and V2 (r=0.42),V10 (r=0.39) for TUR-a (p<0.05). There was not found statistically significant relation between JD and Vloss for both groups. DISCUSSION: The horizontal velocity is priority component of the long jumping distance. WC-a JD is 73 cm better than TUR-a JD. The velocity difference is 0.74m/s for V10 between the groups. It means that the JD increases at 9.9cm per 0.1m/s increase in the velocity of the run-up. This finding is consistent with the literatüre [1,2]. As a result,it can be said that TUR-a need to increase the speed of approaching run-up to reach WC-a’s level.References: [1]Bridgett,L.A.,Linthorne,N.P.(2006). Changes in long jump take-off technique with increasing run-up speed. J.SportsSciences,24(8),889–897.[2]Hay,J.G.(1993). Citius,altius,longius (faster,higher,longer):the biomechanics of jumping for distance. J.Biomechanics,26,7–21.[3]Hommel,H.(2009). Long Jump (Final Report)- ScientificResearchProjectBiomechanicalAnalyses at the IAAF-WCH-Berlin2009. Darmstadt. Retrieved from https://www.iaaf.org/development/research.
