出版社：Korean Society of Environmental Health and Toxicology
摘要：Benzoyl peroxide is a High Production Volume Chemical,which is produced about 1,375 tons/year in Korea as of 2001 survey. The substance is mainly used as initiators in polymerization,catalysts in the plastics indus- tury,bleaching agents for flour and medication for acne vulgaris. In this study,Quantitative Structure - Activity Relationships (QSAR) are used for getting adequate information on the physical -chemical properties of this chemical. And hydrolysis in water,acute toxicity to aquatie and errestrial organisms for benzoyl peroxide were studied. The physical-chemical properties of benzoyI peroxide were estimated as followed;vapor pres- sure = 0.00929Pa,Log Kow = 3.43. Henry's Law constant = 3.54x 10“atm-m/mole at 25°C,the half-life of photodegradation = 3 days and bioconcentration factor (BCF) = 92. Hydrolysis half- life of benzoyI peroxide in water was 5.2 hr at pH 7 al 25°C and according to the structure of this substance hydrolysis product was expect- ed to benzoic acid. Benzoyl peroxide has toxic effects on the aquatic organisms. 72 hr- ErCo (growth rate) for algac was 0.44 mg/L,48 hr - ECso for daphnia was 0.07 mg/L and the 96 hr-LCso of acute toxicity to fish was 0.24 mg/L. Acute toxicity to trrestrial organisms (earth worm) of benzoyI peroxide was low (14 day - LCso= > 1,000 m/kg). Although benzoyl peroxide is high toxic to aquaic organisms,the substance is not bioaccu- mulated because of the rapid removal by hydrolysis (half-life = 5.2hr at pH 7 at 25"C) and biodegradation (83% by BOD after 21 days). The toxicity observed is assumed to be due to benzoyI peroxide rather than ben- zoic acid,which shows much lower toxicity to aquatic organisms. One can assume that effects occur before hydrolysis takes place. From the acute toxicity value of algae,daphnia and fish,an assessment factor of 100 was used to determine the predicted no effect concentration (PNEC). The PNEC was calculated to be 0.7 μg/L based on the 48 hr- ECso daphnia (0.07 mg/L). The substance shows high acute toxicity to aquatic organisms and some information indicates wide - dispersive use of this substance. So this substance is a candidate for further work. even if it hydrolysis rapidly and has a low bioaccumulation potential. This could lead to local concemn for the aquatic eniroment and therefore environmental exposure asesment is recommended.
关键词：benzoy1 peroxide;initial risk asessmen;physical chemical properties;environmental fate;eco- toxicity
