期刊名称：Journal of the Society for Social Work and Research
电子版ISSN：1948-822X
出版年度：2020
卷号：11
期号：3
页码：463-482
DOI：10.1086/711393
出版社：Society for Social Work and Research
摘要：Propensity score analysis is often used to address selection bias in program evaluation with observational data. However, a recent study suggested that propensity score matching may accomplish the opposite of its intended goal—increasing imbalance, inefficiency, model dependence, and bias. We assess common propensity score models and offer our responses to these criticisms. We used Monte Carlo methods to simulate two alternative settings of data creation—selection on observed variables versus selection on unobserved variables—and compared eight propensity score models on bias reduction and sample-size retention. Based on the simulations, no single propensity score method reduced bias across all scenarios. Optimal results depend on the fit between assumptions embedded in the analytic model and the process of data generation. Methodologic knowledge of model assumptions and substantive knowledge of causal mechanisms, including sources of selection bias, should inform the choice of analytic strategies involving propensity scores.
