出版社：Institute of Landscape Ecology of the Slovak Academy of Sciences
摘要：Non-forest woody vegetation is an important landscape feature of agricultural landscape worldwide. Our ancestors appreciated trees as a multifunctional provider of ecosystem services. Therefore they planted them in own farms as well as in open landscape and cared about them properly. The expansion of trees into landscape started in the 18th century thanks to regulations of Maria Theresia and her son Joseph II. Unfavourable period for non-forest woody vegetation came after the World War II when in consequence of new farming system and re-allotment of plots most of boundary vegetation and other natural features completely disappeared. On the contrary, the area of non-forest woody vegetation has slightly increased in recent years due to natural succession. The White Carpathians (Biele Karpaty Mts.) are border mountain area interesting for natural as well as cultural heritage. In the central part several types of landscape pattrns have been identifid. These structures formed especially by linear vegetation are still readable in landscape. On the other hand, in the southern part of the mountain similar structures have almost disappeared due to landscape abandonment and following overgrowing. This is not the case of the southern part of Moravian White Carpathians where landscape pattrns similar to Spanish dehesa have been preserved until present. Diffrences among the mountain parts in historical changes of non-forest woody vegetation consist in diffrent cultural-historical development as well as in nature conservation.
