出版社：Institute of Landscape Ecology of the Slovak Academy of Sciences
摘要：Unsustainable use of ecosystems resulted in disturbance of ecosystem integrity, structure and functions of ecosystems up to total destroying of them. Nature conservation efforts have been focused on protection of original natural ecosystems and prevention of disturbance and full destroying of the ecosystems. But human activities resulted in change of the original, primary landscape structure, creation of new anthropogenic and artificial ecosystems and landscapes (agricultural, industrial, urban and contaminated), needed additional input of energy for their functioning and sustainability. Ecological restoration, using natural resources of energy and ecological processes (energy flow, nutrients and informations exchanges, ecological succession) assisted in recovery and restoration of natural structure of ecosystems, revitalization of ecosystems or creation of new ecosystems in areas, where original ecosystems were disturbed and/or destroyed (reclamation, recultivation). Ecological engineering uses knowledge of ecology on ecosystem functioning, especially restoration ecology as an applied science, to fully or partially restore of disturbed ecosystems and their sustainable use. Project of disturbed ecosystem restoration define type, aim and methods of restoration, including subject cooperation, financial support of realization and ecosystem monitoring during and after restoration. Successful restoration projects of disturbed aquatic (lakes, rivers) as well as semi-terrestrial ecosystems (“wetlands“) in Europe and in other regions of the world showed what are the possibilities and perspectives of restoration, revitalization and recultivation (reclamation) of disturbed ecosystems in a landscape.
