出版社：Institute of Landscape Ecology of the Slovak Academy of Sciences
摘要：Environmental impact caused by mining is considerable. Mining causes irreversible modification of relief, removes vegetation and soil cover causing loss of biotopes. On the other hand mining creates new sites in the landscape e.g. water bodies, rock walls and screes. These sites are often unique and contrasting with the surrounding landscape and might harbor specific species after mine/quarry abandonment. Traditional approach to restoration was considered to be the restoration (reclamation) of production, whether agricultural or forestry, causing elimination of potential site diversity by morphology adjustment, topsoil application and tree planting or trefoil-grass mixture sowing. Stone quarries were often filled with wastes, covered with topsoil and planted. This technical approach, mechanically applied to any site not considering potential values of created sites, has unfortunately remained till present in most reclamation plans. It has also been argued that this practice is very expensive. Number of studies of spontaneously revitalized mining sites (quarries, mines, dumps) have proved that majority of such sites have the potential to be restored spontaneously by spontaneous succession or directed succession. However the spontaneous restoration is not to be meant to entirely replace technical reclamation. In some places the technical reclamation is legitimate but the problem is its mechanical application elsewhere.
