出版社：Institute of Landscape Ecology of the Slovak Academy of Sciences
摘要：We are living in the Anthropocene epoch on a planet Earth fully dominated by people. This period spanning the last circa 200 years has seen the enormous enhancement of human well-being but at the expanse of planetary life-supporting systems. Yet the services rendered by Nature and ecosystems are as essential for people and their economy today as they ever were. Today, however, the quality and indeed availability of these services are fully dependent on the actions of humans. To secure an adequate level of nature´s services environmental criterion should be observed: the main elements of which are respect for living nature, no irreversible changes, a long-term perspective, non-linearity of evolution, regard to possible positive feedbacks, regeneration of renewable resources, limited absorption capacity of the environment, enhancement of resource productivity, and importance of local conditions. People act according to their individual attitudes that are to a large extent shaped by the collective “spirit” of the community (of various kinds) in which and of which the most important is municipality. There are many factors influencing human conduct from education to celebrity role models. Three levels of environmentally important behaviour were identified: decisions on environmentally sensitive actions (e.g. new constructions); activities directly influencing environment (e.g. emission of pollutants from the chimney of a family house); consumption patterns affecting environment indirectly.
