摘要：Objective The evidence for the beneficial effects of physical activity (PA) and potentially detrimental effects of long-term exposure to fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ) on neurodegeneration diseases is accumulating. However, their joint effects remain unclear. We evaluated joint associations of habitual PA and PM 2.5 exposure with incident dementia in a longitudinal elderly cohort in Hong Kong. Methods A total of 57,775 elderly participants (≥65 years) without dementia were enrolled during 1998–2001 and followed up till 2011. Their information on PA and other relevant covariates were collected at baseline (1998–2001) by a standard self-administered questionnaire, including PA volumes (high, moderate, low, and inactive) and types (aerobic exercise, traditional Chinese exercise, stretching exercise, walking slowly, and no exercise). Their annual mean PM 2.5 exposures at the residential address were estimated using a satellite-based spatiotemporal model. We then adopted the Cox proportional hazards model to examine the joint associations with the incidence of all-cause dementia, Alzheimer’s diseases, and vascular dementia on additive and multiplicative scales. Results During the follow-up period, we identified 1,157 incident cases of dementia, including 642 cases of Alzheimer’s disease and 324 cases of vascular dementia. A higher PA level was associated with a lower risk of incident all-cause dementia (hazard ratio (HR) for the high-PA volume was 0.59 (95% CI, 0.47, 0.75), as compared with the inactive-PA), whereas a high level of PM 2.5 was related to the higher risk with an HR of 1.15 (95%CI: 1.00, 1.33) compared with the low-level of PM 2.5 . No clear evidence was observed of interaction between habitual PA (volume and type) and PM 2.5 inhalation to incident dementia on either additive or multiplicative scale. Conclusion Habitual PA and long-term PM 2.5 exposure were oppositely related to incident dementia in the Hong Kong aged population. The benefits of PA remain in people irrespective of exposure to air pollution.
关键词：Physical activity ; Fine particulate matter ; Dementia ; Alzheimer’s disease ; Cohort study
