摘要：Background Long-term exposure to PM 2.5 has been linked to cancer incidence and mortality. However, it was unknown whether there was an association with cancer hospitalizations. Methods Data on cancer hospitalizations and annual PM 2.5 concentrations were collected from 1,814 Brazilian cities during 2002–2015. A difference-in-difference approach with quasi-Poisson regression was applied to examine State-specific associations. The State-specific associations were pooled at a national level using random-effect meta -analyses. PM 2.5 attributable burden were estimated for cancer hospitalization admissions, inpatient days and costs. Results We included 5,102,358 cancer hospitalizations (53.8% female). The mean annual concentration of PM 2.5 was 7.0 μg/m 3 (standard deviation: 4.0 μg/m 3 ). With each 1 μg/m 3 increase in two-year-average (current year and previous one year) concentrations of PM 2.5 , the relative risks (RR) of hospitalization were 1.04 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.02 to 1.07) for all-site cancers from 2002 to 2015 without sex and age differences. We estimated that 33.82% (95%CI: 14.97% to 47.84%) of total cancer hospitalizations could be attributed to PM 2.5 exposure in Brazil during the study time. For every 100,000 population, 1,190 (95%CI: 527 to 1,836) cancer hospitalizations, 8,191 (95%CI: 3,627 to 11,587) inpatient days and US$788,775 (95%CI: $349,272 to $1,115,825) cost were attributable to PM 2.5 exposure. Conclusions Long-term exposure to ambient PM 2.5 was positively associated with hospitalization for many cancer types in Brazil. Inpatient days and cost would be saved if the annual PM 2.5 exposure was reduced.
关键词：Cancer ; Particulate matter ; Hospitalization ; Cancer burden
