摘要：Introduction. The study was aimed at determining, on an animal model, effects of supplementing a diet, modifi ed by substituting whole wheat and corn grains with white fl our and sucrose, with calcium, magnesium, zinc, and chromium on metabolism of the minerals and their distribution in the body. Material and methods. The study involved 4 groups of Wistar rat females (n = 11) fed: a standard feed (group I) containing, i.a., whole wheat and corn grains; modifi ed feed (84% and 50% of whole wheat and corn grains, respectively, in the standard feed substituted with Type 500 wheat fl our and sucrose, respectively) (group II); modifi ed feed with complementary supplementation (elimination of Ca, Mg, Zn, and Cr defi ciencies resulting from diet modifi cation) (group III); and modifi ed feed with excess supplementation (the same minerals applied in excess, i.e., amounts from 0.5 to 3 times higher than the defi ciencies produced by diet modifi cation) (group IV). The replacement of whole grains with white fl our and sucrose, as well as the mineral supplementation could, to some extent, imitate the contemporary eating habits and supplementation applied in food technology. The excess supplementation is, on the other hand, typical of current behaviours of various social groups. Results. Both types of supplementation resulted in a signifi cant increase in the perivisceral adipose tissue content, but did not affect the fat tissue content in muscles. The supplementation applied did not change the content of calcium, magnesium, and zinc in muscles, nor did it signifi cantly change calcium and magnesium excretion with urine. However, changes in the ALP activity and calcitonin concentration did not suggest the deposition of the minerals in bones. Conclusions. Analysis of the results allowed to conclude that: 1) except for chromium, contents of the selected minerals in the tissues examined and urea, as well as concentrations of calcitonin and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities did not point to any signifi cant effect of the supplementation applied on the body contents of those minerals; 2) effects observed as the accumulation of perivisceral, epicardial and intramuscular adipose tissue, as well as increased body weight increments could have been related to disturbed proportions of the minerals supplemented, their synergy and antagonism and, consequently, a potential generation of secondary defi ciencies and excesses which could signifi cantly affect individual metabolic pathways; 3) the intensity of changes observed was generally higher in the females receiving complementary supplementation, although their uptake of minerals studied was similar to that shown by the females kept on the standard diet.
其他关键词：supplementation, minerals, metabolism, rat females
