摘要：Background and Study Aim: Temperament is a set of relatively consistent and stable traits that are related to emotions and formal characteristics of behavior. Temperamental traits are essential in both physical and athletic activities and help predict athletic performance and involvement in physical activity. Although research into temperament of athletes has been previously conducted, little is known about the temperament of physical education students. However, knowledge about temperamental traits can increase efficacy of physical education teaching and sports coaching. This study examines differences in temperamental traits between physical education (PE) and mechanical engineering (ME) students according the regulatory theory of temperament. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional survey study was conducted at a large university in the south of Poland. The participants were 208 university students who were 19–40 years old (M = 21.27, SD = 2.61), including 83% of males (n = 173). The entire sample consisted of 106 PE undergraduates (51% of the total sample) and 102 ME students (49%). The FCB-TI self-report questionnaire in a standard “paper-and-pencil form was used to identify six temperamental traits, i.e., sensory sensitivity, endurance, emotional reactivity, activity, briskness, and perseveration. Results: The Student’s t-test revealed that PE undergraduates scored significantly higher in activity as a temperamental trait compared to ME students. No statistically significant differences between the groups were observed in sensory sensitivity, endurance, emotional reactivity, briskness, and perseveration. The mediation role of activity on the relationship between emotional reactivity and physical activity was found in this study. Conclusions: Activity level is crucial to explain the mechanism of how emotional reactivity determines engagement in physical exercise. Temperament should be considered in the PE curriculum as an important factor that determines healthy lifestyle, well-being, training effectiveness, and sport performance.
关键词：Formal Characteristic of Behavior – Temperament Inventory (FCB-TI);Regulative Theory of Temperament (RTT);Individual differences;Psychology of sport and physical activity;University and college students
