出版社：IIUM Press, International Islamic University Malaysia
摘要：Creating stability in Malaysia's multinational federation is a challenging process. This is because Malaysia still faces the problem of developmental imbalance between regions, disharmony of race relations and the threat of separation. Using the concept of multinational federation as an analytical tool and primary source through interviews as well as secondary sources such as books, journals and newspapers as the research data, this article discusses Malaysia's challenges as a multinational federal state with its scope from 2008 to 2020. The challenges identifed in this article were the rise of racial and religious sentiments, the existence of separatist movements in Sabah and Sarawak, the ambiguity of consociational politics and the weakening of national unity and integration. Even so, Malaysia was still able to control its ethnic conflicts owing to the constitutional power of federal government, use of security apparatus and the attitude of the people who respect the constitution. These fndings showed that federalism still remains relevant as a unifying mechanism of ethnic pluralism, but needs to be improved in terms of its implementation in a responsive, effcient and fair manner to all citizens.
其他摘要：Mewujudkan kestabilan dalam persekutuan multi etnik Malaysia adalah suatu proses mencabar. Ini kerana ia masih menghadapi masalah ketidakseimbangan pembangunan antara wilayah, ketidakharmonian hubungan kaum, dam ancaman pemisahan. Dengan menggunakan konsep federalisme multi etnik sebagai alat analisis dan sumber primer melalui temu bual serta sumber sekunder seperti buku, jurnal, dan akhbar sebagai data kajian, artikel ini membincangkan cabaran Malaysia sebagai negara persekutuan multi etnik dengan skopnya dari tahun 2008 hingga 2020. Artikel ini mendapati cabaran tersebut ialah meningkatnya sentimen perkauman dan agama, wujudnya gerakan pemisah di Sabah dan Sarawak, kaburnya elemen politik permuafakatan dalam parti gabungan, dan melemahnya perpaduan serta integrasi nasional. Walaupun begitu, Malaysia masih dapat mengawal konflik etniknya disebabkan kuatnya kerajaan di peringkat pusat, penggunaan aparatus keselamatan, dan sikap rakyat yang menghormati perlembagaan. Dapatan ini menunjukkan federalisme masih kekal relevan sebagai mekanisme penyatu kemajmukan etnik, namun perlu menambahbaik pelaksanaannya secara responsif, efsien, dan adil kepada semua rakyat.
