摘要：The diagnostic features of English-lexifier pidgins and creoles (Baker 1999,Baker and Huber 2001,Avram 2004) include phrases and compounds believed to be calques after various substrate languages (Parkvall and Baker 2012). The present paper discusses issues such as: what counts as a calque,given the multilingual situations typical of pidgin and creole genesis;the identification of the sources of calques;the possibility of multiple etymologies;the distinction between direct and indirect calques. It then assesses the relevance of idiomatic calques for the Relexification Hypothesis as well as for establishing historical-linguistic relationships among the various English-lexifier pidgins and creoles.
