摘要：We summarize here the studies examining the association between thyroid function and
cognitive performance from an aging perspective. The available data suggest that there may be a continuum
in which cognitive dysfunction can result from increased or decreased concentrations of thyroid
hormones. Clinical and subclinical hypothyroidism as well as hyperthyroidism in middle-aged and elderly
adults are both associated with decreased cognitive functioning, especially memory, visuospatial organization,
attention, and reaction time. Mild variations of thyroid function, even within normal limits, can have significant
consequences for cognitive function in the elderly. Different cognitive deficits possibly related to thyroid failure
do not necessarily follow a consistent pattern, and L-thyroxine treatment may not always completely restore
normal functioning in patients with hypothyroidism. There is little or no consensus in the literature regarding
how thyroid function is associated with cognitive performance in the elderly.
