North Carolina Yeoman: The Diary of Basil Armstrong Thomasson, 1853-1862

North Carolina Yeoman: The Diary of Basil Armstrong Thomasson, 1853-1862. Edited by Paul D. Escott. Athens: University of Georgia Press, 1996. lxvi, 355 pp. $50.00. ISBN 0-8203-1755-1. Yeoman farmers are one of the most discussed but least known segments of antebellum southern society. Although historians have often speculated about the beliefs, lives, and even the composition of this social class, little research has rested on documents produced by southern yeomen themselves. Few diaries, journals, and letters from members of this class survive, making this book a major contribution to the study of the antebellum South. Edited by Paul D. Escott, a distinguished historian at Wake Forest University, the diary of Basil Armstrong Thomasson chronicles life in Iredell and Yadkin Counties in North Carolina. The most important theme of this diary is that life for southern yeomen families was more complex and less insular than previously suggested. A highly literate man, Thomasson was a regular reader of several state and national newspapers, and his writings reflect a keen interest in both politics and literature. This life of the mind did not interfere with the arduous work required to keep a family financially stable. Although he grew tobacco, corn, barley, and other crops, Thomasson taught school, built wagons, and took other jobs to provide for his family. This diary also reflects the importance of family and faith for farmers in Rowan County, North Carolina. With his wife often ill, Thomasson took pride in assuming responsibility for child care and the household. He was also a vocal advocate for women's rights and temperance. Religion, however, was the tie that bound Thomasson and his fellow yeomen in a strong community. Although historians have recognized the important moral role played by religion in antebellum southern society, this diary indicates that local churches also had important political and economic functions. This diary also gives some important insight into the relationship between yeoman farmers and the planter class. Thomasson's aversion, and that of many in his community, to the interests of the planter class can best be seen through Thomasson's opposition to slavery and secession. This book will benefit readers interested in all aspects of life in the antebellum South. Moreover, Escott's introduction is an excellent summary of the historiography of southern yeomen. It is unfortunate that the book's high price will limit its readership. -RICHARD D. STARNES, Auburn University

Copyright University of Alabama Press Apr 1998
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