摘要：This essay reviews historical records that set forth the discussions and interaction of Michael Polanyi and
Karl Mannheim from 1944 until Mannheim’s death early in 1947. The letters describe Polanyi’s effort to
assemble a book to be published in a series edited by Manneheim. They also reveal the different perspectives
these thinkers took about freedom and the historical context of ideas. Records of J.H. Oldham’s
discussion group “the Moot” suggest that these and other differences in philosophy were debated in
meetings of “the Moot” attended by Polanyi and Mannheim in 1944.
关键词：Michael Polanyi, Karl Mannheim, “the Moot,” “planning for freedom,” Polanyi’s
criticism of historicism, Polanyi’s account of freedom
