摘要:When Neanderthals and Modern Humans Met comprises 20 papers first presented in the context of a conference held in Tübingen in 2004 on the nature of the interactions between Neanderthals and Cro-Magnons (i.e., Homo sapiens sapiens) during the interval commonly referred to as the Middle-Upper Paleolithic Transition. Edited by Nicholas Conard, this book constitutes a wide-ranging and eclectic (in the best sense of the term) compendium of studies representing where our understanding of the Middle-Upper Paleolithic transition stands at the close of the first decade of the 21st century. In that sense, the book’s goal to present how far studies of the interaction between Neanderthals and modern humans—at least presumably, as the fossil record is all too scant for this time period—have come since 1856 is met with great success.