摘要：During the 1960s, the decade before
his immigration to the U.S., the Bulgarianborn
musician Milcho Leviev – composer,
arranger, piano player, and jazz innovator, –
played a key role in Bulgarian jazz and paved
the way for what is defined nowadays as
“ethnojazz.” Swinging, for Leviev, was an
approach that is compatible with diverse aspects
of folk music, especially the ones which
give rise to a particular cult of improvisation
and virtuosity in local vernacular instrumental
musics. The genesis of these folk styles, developed
in the context of the transition from
rural to urban life, indicates basic typological
parallels with jazz as a specific socio-musical
practice. Experimenting in this direction,
Leviev began a new chapter in the innovation
of jazz, inspired by the idea of non-traditional
forms of fusion, in this case between the jazz
idiom and the vocabulary of Bulgarian folk
music. Based on conversations with Leviev
held in July 2006 (Sofia), this article explores
the artist’s vision of jazz and analyzes some of
his earliest recordings from the 1960’s which
defined the field known as folk-jazz at the
time.
关键词：Folk-jazz, ethnojazz, swinging, odd
rhythms, exotic rhythms, asymmetric meters, non-
Western, fusion, Bulgarian folk, groove, Balkan
groove
