This study analyzed the relationship between children's personality traits and emotional problems. The Escala de Traços de Personalidade em Crianças with 30 items, and Human Figure Drawing assessed by 37 items concerning to emotional problems. The personality traits measures are related to neuroticism, psicoticism, extraversion and sociability, and the emotional problems were assessed by each item and quantity showed. 314 first to fourth grade children, with both genders attending at the elementary public school were studied. Some Human Figure Drawing items, as well as its quantity, showed significant correlations with the studied personality traits. Within the contrasting groups based on the personality traits, all groups but the psicoticism were not differentiated by the emotional problems.