出版社：Arbeitsgemeinschaft Forstliche Standorts- und Vegetationskunde (AFSV)
摘要：The map of "Regional natural forest composition by main tree species" (WALENTOWSKI et al. 2001) depicts Bavaria as a region largely
predominated by the European beech (Fagus sylvatica). Analyses of
climatope, hygrotope and trophotope of fir-dominated regional natural units make
evident that the reasons for the preponderance of the European silver fir
(Abies alba) are edaphic. In terms of regeneration vigour, growth and
yield the fir particularly dominates in habitats with a combination of humus
cover, acid-oligotrophic topsoils and clayey or waterlogged subsoils, where the
beech usually exhibits stunted and malformed growth forms. This ecological
preference has the effect that Bavarian Abies alba-forests are restricted
to small patches within a matrix of potential natural vegetation formed by mixed
deciduous-coniferous mountain forests. Within European NATURA 2000 areas
Abies- forests should be recorded carefully as special habitats. Their
transitional character between temperate beech forests (habitat type 9130) and
boreal spruce forests (habitat type 9410), the ecological preference of Abies
alba as an endangered tree species and their sensitivity against
environmental stressors, including changes in forest structure, air quality, and
climate, make them important objects for nature conservation.
