出版社：Institute of the History of Art of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic
摘要：There is a wooden Pietà at the Germanisches Nationalmuseum in Nuremberg labelled
'Salzburg, circa 1390'. This is how Heinz Stafski characterised it in the museum
catalogue of 1956. In the museum yearbook of 1941 it was described with the
words ‘Prague, circa 1400’ and at an exhibition titled 'Kunst und Kultur in
Böhmen, Mähren und Schlesien'as '(Southern) Bohemia'. This article aims to
reassess these controversial arthistorical determinations regarding the work in
question. Whereas we find no direct analogues either in Bohemia or in the
Salzburg region for the Nuremberg Pietà, two wooden Pietàs closely akin to the
Nuremberg sculpture in style and motif have survived in the Mittelfranken
region: one Pietà in the All Saints Church in Allersberg and another in the St
George parish church in Dinkelsbühl. The monumental Allersberg Pietà (circa
1400-1410) foreshadows the expressive insistence and the effort to approach the
real developments that followed the Beautiful style. By contrast, the
composition, a square outline and the body of Christ in horizontal position,
alludes to Bohemian-style horizontal Pietàs. It is not impossible that the
sculptor already knew this work, which was thirty years older, or had perhaps
studied Pietàs imported into Bavaria from Bohemia. Despite the differences in
composition, the Allersberg and Nuremberg Pietàs share such similarities which
suggest the possibility of common origins in a single workshop. The Dinkelsbühl
Pietà closely resembles the sculptures at the Allersberg and Nuremberg museums
in the physiognomy of Mary's face and hair. The arthistorical assessment that
the sculpture at the Museum is from ‘Salzburg’ or ‘Prague’ thus appears to be
unsuitable. It seems instead that the Pietà may be considered a domestic product
from a Franconian workshop working within the framework of the International
style and under the influence of the contact between the two Central European
artistic centres of Prague and Nuremberg.
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