摘要：Rice is the staple food of Madagascar, and 60%
of the workforce is involved in rice farming.
The crop is grown all over the country, except
in the arid southwest of the island (Map 1).
The principal rice production areas are in the central
highlands. About 1.25 million hectares are planted to
rice each year, with an average yield of 2.8 tons per
hectare. Rice is produced mainly in flooded conditions
and is mostly rainfed with limited opportunities for
irrigation. Slash-and-burn agriculture characterizes
Madagascar¡¯s steep eastern slopes, threatening
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