摘要：We describe and apply a judgmental (qualitative) procedure for cognitive test
adaptations. The procedure consists of iterations of translating, piloting, and
modifying the instrument. We distinguish five types of adaptations for cognitive
instruments, based on the underlying source (construct, language, culture,
theory, and familiarity, respectively). The proposed procedure is applied to
adapt the Kaufman Assessment Battery for Children, second edition (KABC-II) for
6 to 10 year-old Kannada-speaking children of low socioeconomic status in
Bangalore, India. Each subtest needed extensive adaptations, illustrating that
the transfer of Western cognitive instruments to a non-Westernized context
requires a careful analysis of their appropriateness. Adaptations of test
instructions, item content of both verbal and non-verbal tests, and item order
were needed. It is concluded that the qualitative approach adopted here was
found adequate to identify various problems with the application of the KABC-II
in our sam-ple which would have remained unnoticed with a straightforward
translation of the original instrument.
关键词：Kaufman Assessment Battery for Children, Cognitive Test, Adaptation, Bias,
Culture
