Introduction
Increases in obesity and other chronic conditions
continue to fuel efforts for lifestyle behavior changes. However, many
strategies do not address the impact of environment on lifestyle behaviors,
particularly healthy dietary intake. This study explored the perceptions of
environment on intake of fruits and vegetables in a cohort of 2,479 people
recruited from 22 family practices in North Carolina.
Methods
Participants were administered a health and social
demographic survey. Formative assessment was conducted on a subsample of 32
people by using focus groups, semistructured individual interviews, community
mapping, and photographs. Interviews and discussions were transcribed and
content was analyzed using ATLAS.ti version 5. Survey data were evaluated for
means, frequencies, and group differences.
Results
The 2,479 participants had a mean age of 52.8 years, mean
body mass index (BMI) of 29.4, and were predominantly female, white, married,
and high school graduates. The 32 subsample participants were older, heavier,
and less educated. Some prevalent perceptions about contextual factors related
to dietary intake included taste-bud fatigue (boredom with commonly eaten
foods), life stresses, lack of forethought in meal planning, current health
status, economic status, the ability to garden, lifetime dietary exposure,
concerns about food safety, contradictory nutrition messages from the media, and
variable work schedules.
Conclusion
Perceptions about intake of fruits and vegetables intake
are influenced by individual (intrinsic) and community (extrinsic) environmental
factors. We suggest approaches for influencing behavior and changing perceptions
using available resources.