摘要：Nurses from Spain (N = 834) and Canada (N = 725) completed surveys assessing burnout and their perceptions of worklife.
The study explored a two-process model of burnout. First, work overload exhausts nurses by exerting excessive demands
and interfering with their capacity to recover energy. Second, enduring conflicts of personal and organizational values have
a diverse relationship with burnout. A series of multiple regression analyses examined the relative contributions of these
two processes. One process was evident in the contribution of workload to predicting exhaustion that in turn predicted
cynicism that predicted efficacy. In parallel, value congruence contributed significantly to the regressions on each of the
three aspects of burnout in addition to the workload-exhaustion-cynicism-efficacy process. Further, multiple regression
analyses demonstrated that other areas of worklife—control, reward, community, and fairness—were strongly associated
with value congruence in a manner distinct from the relationship of values with manageable workload. The two samples
showed evidence of both processes, but that the workload/exhaustion process was dominant for the Canadian sample while
the values/burnout process was more relevant for the Spanish sample. Implications for a comprehensive model of burnout
are discussed.
