期刊名称：IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science
印刷版ISSN：1755-1307
电子版ISSN：1755-1315
出版年度：2008
卷号：4
出版社：IOP Publishing
摘要：Air temperature at heights of 5 and 200 cm above soil surface, and soil
temperature at depths of 15, 30 and 60 cm, were measured in the cold climatic
zone at three localities (catchments) under different plant cover during the
growing seasons 2002-2007. The catchments Kout (dead forest), Doupě (clearing)
and Stolec (mature spruce forest) are situated in the National Park of the
Šumava Mts. (Czech Republic) at an elevation of 1105-1330 m a. s. 1. This region
is part of the metamorphic complex – Moldanubicum. It is formed mainly by
metamorphosed rocks (paragneiss with smaller anomalies). The three catchments
have very similar natural conditions, but differ significantly in vegetation
cover. The catchments are covered with acid brown soil developed on paragneiss.
The clearing and dead forest catchments both exist as small islands inside an
extensive spruce forest. The following conclusions were obtained from the
interpretation of measured data: (1) The air temperature of the catchment
covered by the dead forest had a greater daily fluctuation compared to the
stands covered by clearing or mature forest. (2) The air temperature of
catchments covered by mature forest had the smallest daily fluctuations. (3) The
more extreme air temperatures in the dead forest caused the systematic raising
of the soil temperature at a depth of 15 cm compared to soil in the clearing and
mature forest. These conclusions are valid for a cold climatic zone during a
vegetation season in which plant transpiration plays a governing role in solar
energy dissipation.
