摘要：Reference values for 26 elements, namely Al, Ba, Be, Bi, Ca, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, Li, Mg,
Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Sb, Si, Sn, Sr, Tl, V, W, Zn and Zr are proposed in serum and blood of 110 healthy adults of
the urban area of Rome. They were included in the study on the basis of strict criteria of eligibility and
exclusion. With the exception of Ba, Bi, Co, Cr, Ni, Sb, Sn Tl in serum, and Bi, Hg, Si, V and W in whole
blood, experimental data for each all the other analytes were found to approach a normal distribution. The
estimated 5 - 95% references ranges (in ng ml-1) were reported. For several elements the reference ranges
observed overlapped information available in the literature. Gender, age, body mass index, smoking habits and
alcohol consume were used as grouping variables. Mutual associations were observed for several elements, as
follows: Be, Ca, Co, Cr, Cu, Li, Mo, Pb and Zn with sex; Ca, Pb and Si with age (< and > 45 years); Co, Cr,
Mo, Sb and Tl with body mass index; Cd and Pb with smoking habit; Cr and Pb with alcohol consume.
