摘要：This paper examines the literature on non-unitary models of household behaviour.
These models explicitly postulate that the household is made up of several persons
with different preferences. They can be classifi ed into two categories. On the one hand,
cooperative (or collective) models suppose that the outcome of the decision process is
Pareto effi cient. On the other hand, non-cooperative (or strategic) models are based on the
concept of Cournot-Nash equilibrium and, in that case, the outcome of the decision process
is not necessarily effi cient. Demand functions or labour supply functions derived from nonunitary
models have to satisfy some restrictions that are different from Slutsky conditions.
Moreover, in some circumstances, preferences of household members can be identifi ed
from observable behaviour.
