出版社：United States Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service
摘要：Global trade in high-value foods has grown significantly in the past three
decades and now dwarfs raw agricultural commodity trade. High-value food,
which in 1976 accounted for 30 percent of total U.S. agricultural trade and 48
percent of world agricultural trade, doubled in share of U.S. agricultural trade
to 60 percent in 1994 and increased in share of world trade by 27 percentage
points to 75 percent during the same period. From 1994 to 2002, however,
U.S. trade in high-value food grew at a slower pace, registering growth of
only 3 percentage points during the 9-year period and accounting for 63
percent of U.S. agricultural trade. Similarly, world trade in high-value food
grew only 4 percentage points during the same period, reaching 79 percent of
world agricultural trade in 2002. Although the potential for trade expansion
remains great, market access is a major problem for countries exporting highvalue
foods, particularly processed foods, for which trade is still highly
concentrated among few partners. Without improved access to global markets,
the growth prospects for high-value food trade remain uncertain.
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