摘要：The Arab world finds itself at a critical crossroads.
Population growth has pushed unemployment rates to
some of the highest levels in the world, and brought into
sharp relief the urgent need for a reorientation of
economic policies. Reforms are essential to engender a
process of sustained job creation, well into the next
decade, if the region is to avoid the inefficiencies
associated with poor utilization of human resources, to
say nothing of the social and political costs. The call for
urgent action is underscored not only by the burgeoning
pressures on labor markets, but also the resurgence of
other major emerging economies¡ªin China, India, and
central and eastern Europe, to name a few¡ªwhose
presence in the global economy is quickly expanding,
against a background of sustained improvements in per
capita incomes, institutional development and
international competitiveness. To remain viable in the
global economy in areas other than the energy sector, it is
vitally important that the Arab countries improve the
overall quality of governance, significantly raise their
levels of competitiveness, improve macroeconomic
management, institute reforms to enhance the efficiency
of public sector institutions and, facilitate the absorption
of new technologies.
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