摘要：Max Weber often spoke about the process of rationalization. This occurred not
only in religion, where vital and unpredictable forms of religious life had been
replaced by a systematized view of cosmos and of .the sacred. itself, culminating
in the Protestant Ethic. Rationalization was also a common theme in the evolution
of an increasingly impersonalized justice, even in the evolution of music. In his
1911 essay Rationale und soziale Grundlagen der Musik,2 Weber thought himself
to be able to spot a deep difference between the music of pre-modern .Man. and
the modern (Western) way of composition, the latter being subjected to a set of
calculable rules which reached their peak with the twelve-tone system, the rationality
of which even the most rebellious step¡ªa move away from tonality¡ªcould
negate, but never transcend to another order.
