Pneumonia is common among patients with co-existing illnesses and it can be the initial manifestation
of these co morbid conditions. It is one of the leading causes of death in both developed
and developing countries.
Purpose: The objective of the study was to evaluate the various prognostic factors associated
with outcomes in patients with community and hospital acquired pneumonia.
Material and Methods: This hospital-based study enrolled 282 consecutive patients with Pneumonia
between January 2001 and December 2005. They were divided into two groups: Community
acquired pneumonia (CAP) and Hospital acquired pneumonia (HAP). Clinical, laboratory,
radiological and microbiological data were collected. Clinical data consisted of age, sex, religion,
underlying disease, co-morbidity, surgery and mortality.
Results: Co morbidity was found in 94% patients, of which septicaemia (OR = 23.32), diabetes
(OR = 3.18), Hypertension (OR = 4.1), Ischaemic Heart Disease (OR = 3.78), were most common
in CAP and HAP and odds ratio show, these co-morbid conditions are significantly high in HAP.
Renal (26%), Cancer (6.25%) and HIV (3.12%) were the co-morbid conditions seen in-HAP only.
Overall mortality was 29.43%. No patient died in CAP. 43% patient died only in HAP. It was
observed that most of the deaths occurred in higher age group.
Conclusion : Deaths during hospitalization occurred only in HAP group. The impact of septicaemia,
diabetes, renal disease and heart disease, hypertension, hypothyroidism in deaths associated
with pneumonia was substantiated