出版社：United Nations Environment Programme, Division of Technology, Industry, and Economics
摘要：To move towards sustainable development,
businesses ¨C like all other actors in society ¨C
must rethink their behaviour. In this case,
companies start from various stages of development
and corporate culture with respect to environmental
and social issues (Figure 1).
The phases distinguished in the figure can be
summarized as follows:1
◆ In the output-oriented Phase 1, the management
emphasis is on outputs rather than on
processes. Here errors are noticeable after they
have been made. Companies in this phase can be
labelled reactive with respect to the environment.
◆ Process orientation is a characteristic element of
Phase 2, in which the focus has been placed on the
production process and its management. Here
major mistakes can be corrected based on measurements
and knowledge of processes.
