出版社：United Nations Environment Programme, Division of Technology, Industry, and Economics
摘要：Dams around the world have made an
important contribution to development.
The World Commission on Dams has
concluded, however, that in too many cases an
unacceptable and often unnecessary price has
been paid to secure benefits from dam projects.
The human and environmental consequences of
existing dams and new projects need to be
addressed. The framework proposed by the Commission
provides an alternative to continuing the
non-sustainable practices of dam development,
construction and operation.1
The Commission has also proposed that future
decisions be based on five core values: equity, efficiency,
participatory decision-making, sustainability
and accountability. These form the basis
for decisions by governments and civil society on
the very meaning, purpose and pathways for
achieving development. Essential to this is the reconciliation
of competing needs and entitlements
to water that underlie the conflicts around dams.
The core values can provide a basis for defining
a common strategy. This strategy should be based
on recognizing existing rights and entitlements,
and assessing the risks involved in dam development.
Thus the ability to determine who should
sit at the table, and which issues need to be discussed,
will be enhanced.
