摘要：Political economy models predict that the rich oppose redistribution, and hence
vote for conservative parties. Although this seems to fit the data well, I show that this
is not true when we control for unobservable characteristics. Using Norwegian survey
data, I study to what extent voting is caused by income. Unobserved characteristics
correlated with income are handled by using fixed effects panel data discrete choice
models. Although a positive association between income and conservative voting persists
when controlling for unobservables, the magnitude of the effect is reduced by a
factor of five. To correct for measurement error, I instrument income with average
income by profession. The magnitude of the coefficients is increased, but the main
conclusions remain.
关键词：Political economy, redistribution, voting, multinomial logit, panel data
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