摘要：We study the role of technology subsidies in climate policies, using
a simple dynamic equilibrium model with learning-by-doing. The
optimal subsidy rate of a carbon-free technology is high when the technology
is first adopted, but falls significantly over the next decades.
However, the efficiency costs of uniform instead of optimal subsidies,
may be low if there are introduction or expansion constraints for a new
technology. Finally, supporting existing energy technologies only, may
lead to technology lock-in, and the impacts of lock-in increase with the
learning potential of new technologies as well as the possibilities for
early entry and thight carbon constraints.
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