期刊名称：CORE Discussion Papers / Center for Operations Research and Econometrics (UCL), Louvain
出版年度：2007
卷号：1
出版社：Center for Operations Research and Econometrics (UCL), Louvain
摘要：When educational policy is supplemented by a redistributive income tax, and when individuals
differ in their ability to benefit from education, the optimal policy is typically rather regressive.
Resources are concentrated on the most able individuals in order to get a "cake" as big as
possible to share among individuals through income taxation. In this paper we put forward
another reason to push for regressive education. It is not linked to heterogeneity in innate ability
to benefit from education but to pervasive non-convexities that arise in the optimal income tax
problem when individual productivities are endogenous. For simplicity we assume a linear
education technology and a given total education budget. To give the equal wage outcome the
best chance to emerge, we also assume that individuals have identical learning abilities.
Nevertheless, it turns out that in the first-best wage inequality is always preferable to wage
equality. Even more surprisingly, this conclusion remains valid in the second-best (unless ad
hoc restriction on the feasible degree of a wage differentiation are imposed). This is in spite of
the fact that wage equalization would eliminate any need for distortionary income taxation.
关键词：education policy, optimal income taxation, equal opportunity.
