出版社：Netherlands Bureau for Economic Policy Analysis
摘要：Implementing climate policy is not a straightforward matter.
International negotiations during the recent climate conference
in The Hague ended in disagreement. With the present
position of the United States chances to reach an agreement
are even slimmer than ever. One of the obstacles is to what
extent trade in emission rights should be allowed.
Economically speaking, there are strong arguments for allowing
as much flexibility as possible. Ironically, our analysis
shows that the party favouring restrictions on emissions
trade, the European Union, suffers most from curtailing flexibility.
Another obstacle which comes up when addressing
more ambitious goals in climate policy is the involvement of
developing countries. A treaty should aim at emissions reductions
in developing countries as well. If the potentially serious
consequences of the greenhouse effect are to be avoided, that
is even essential. To induce these reductions, the developed
countries could consider to compensate the developing countries.
For industrialised countries compensation has the effect
to raise the costs of climate policy considerably.
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