期刊名称：Discussion Paper Series / Department of Economics, New York University
出版年度：2009
卷号：1
出版社：New York University
摘要：Low college enrollment rates among low income students may stem from credit
constraints, low academic skill, low quality schools, or some combination of these.
Recent Massachusetts data allow the first use of school district fixed effects in the analysis
of credit constraints, leading to four primary findings. First, Massachusetts¡¯ low
income students have lower intended college enrollment rates than higher income
students but also have dramatically lower skills and attend lower quality school districts.
Second, inclusion of skill controls greatly reduces but does not eliminate the intended
enrollment gap, with low income students seven percentage points less likely
to intend enrollment than similarly skilled higher income students. Third, in districts
where higher income students are plausibly unconstrained, inclusion of school
district fixed effects does little to reduce intended enrollment gaps, with low income
students nine percentage points less likely to intend enrollment than similarly skilled
higher income students from the same school district. Fourth, low income students in
the middle and upper parts of the skill distribution appear the most constrained, particularly
with respect to four-year public colleges. State governments could use the
methods employed here to identify credit constrained student populations in order to
target financial aid more efficiently.
关键词：Credit constraints, academic skill, school districts, college enrollment
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