期刊名称：Discussion Papers / Department of Economics, University of Essex
出版年度：2007
卷号：2007
出版社：University of Essex
摘要：To control and price negative externalities in passenger road transport, we
develop an innovative and integrated computational agent based economics (ACE)
model to simulate a market oriented "cap" and trade system. (i) First, there is
a computational assessment of a digitized road network model of the real world
congestion hot spot to determine the "cap" of the system in terms of vehicle
volumes at which traffic efficiency deteriorates and the environmental
externalities take off exponentially. (ii) Road users submit bids with the
market clearing price at the fixed "cap" supply of travel slots in a given time
slice (peak hour) being determined by an electronic sealed bid uniform price
Dutch auction. (iii) Cross-sectional demand data on car users who traverse the
cordon area is used to model and calibrate the heterogeneous bid submission
behaviour in order to construct the inverse demand function and demand
elasticities. (iv) The willingness to pay approach with heterogeneous value of
time is contrasted with the generalized cost approach to pricing congestion with
homogeneous value of travel time.
