期刊名称：DIW Diskussionspapiere / Deutsches Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung, Berlin
出版年度：2008
卷号：2008
出版社：Deutsches Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung, Berlin
摘要：The 2004 and 2007 enlargements of the European Union were unprecedented in a
number of economic and policy aspects. This essay provides a broad and in-depth
account of the effects of the post-enlargement migration flows on the receiving
as well as sending countries in three broader areas: labour markets, welfare
systems, and growth and competitiveness. Our analysis of the available
literature and empirical evidence shows that (i) EU enlargement had a
significant impact on migration flows from new to old member states, (ii)
restrictions applied in some of the countries did not stop migrants from coming
but changed the composition of the immigrants, (iii) any negative effects in the
labour market on wages or employment are hard to detect, (iv) post-enlargement
migration contributes to growth prospects of the EU, (v) these immigrants are
strongly attached to the labour market, and (vi) they are quite unlikely to be
among welfare recipients. These findings point out the difficulties that
restrictions on the free movement of workers bring about.
关键词：migration, migration effects, EU Eastern enlargement, free movement of workers
