摘要：This paper aims to register reflections deepened within our Ph.D. in Education at the Universidade Federal
da Bahia (Brazil). Through a comprehensive reading of the cultural roots of Afrodescendant childhood in the
Bahian diaspora, we first analyze childhood’s conceptions, from the natural to the historical, accentuating in
the latter, the Brazilian and Bahian Context in which this cultural group in socially and politically inserted.
Our approach of the theme, explore the purpose of taking the Afrodescendant child as a subject of rights, as
stated in the Child and Teenager Statute. This Statute valorizes culture and identity while both have been
excluded and negated through the Brazilian historical course. With this Statute, cultures and identity became
guaranteed rights in the social practice at large, inclusive in school. Finally, we try to contribute to the
educators’ practices linked to the new guidelines (law 10.639, January 2003) for the teaching of History and
Afro Brazilian and African cultures, which are now timidly implemented in all Brazilian primary schools.
