摘要：Various theories assume that ancient organizations are more « self-contained », more « closed » that contemporary organizations. This article takes the opposite point of view. It shows that the monastic ordrer of Cluny has close relationship with its environment during the first centuries of his existence (10th-12th centuries). More precisely, from the resource dependance perspective, we argue that Cluny needs different resources – real estate, financial and human – and uses several means to obtain them and hold control over them. These means are of three types : 1) personal relationships with key stakeholders from the environement, 2) language and symbols and 3) rules and formal structures. In several ways, relationships between Cluny and its environment are similar to what we observe in some contemporary organizations.
