社会への移行とは,単に職場組織に適応する過程ではなく,個人が自分の人生を構築し大人になる過程である。こうした視点から先行研究の文献レビューをした。その結果,第1に,若者の自己実現志向は職業探求に肯定的な意味をもちうるものであった。第2に,個人の傷つきやすさが労働市場や就業継続の困難として現れ,失業や不安定就労が心理状態を悪化させていた。第3に,上司と同世代のサポート・職場の自律性・職業的連続性・時間的展望(過去・現在・未来の統合)が必要であった。第4に,マクロにみると,継続教育や地域によるサポートが重要であった。第5に,社会的な不利のある若者への特別な支援が課題とされた。今後は学際的・理論的検討が求められるとした。

The transition to an adult life in the community refers not only to organizational socialization in the workplace, but also to constructing individuals' lifestyles in their transition to adulthood. Previous studies on career development in the transition from school to work and social life as an adult were reviewed from this viewpoint. The results were as follows: (1) The recently increased desire of young people for self-actualization in their employment can promote their exploration of jobs. (2) Individual vulnerability can make entry into the labor market and the initial job assignment difficult, and, in turn, the resulting unemployment and drift can increase the level of psychological symptoms. (3) Social support from supervisors and peers on the job, autonomy and responsibility in the organization, continuity between previous/desired occupations and the present one, and a temporal perspective (integration between the past, present, and future) are needed. (4) On a macro level, continuing education and support from the community are also needed. (5) Finally, the necessity of special supports for socially disadvantaged young people was mentioned.