期刊名称：Journal of Environmental Hydrology (ältere Jahrgänge)
印刷版ISSN：1058-3912
电子版ISSN：1996-7918
出版年度：2005
卷号：13
出版社：IAEH
摘要：The hydrological balance for large water bodies, including reservoirs, requires the identification and accounting of water volumes and flows entering and leaving the water body control volume over a given period of time. These flows are varied in mechanisms and dynamics and they are highly dependent on conditions of the basin such as geology, weather, morphometry, land use, geographic location and time. A dynamic equilibrium is established between water inputs and outputs, which can be combined into a differential equation that describes reservoir water balance. Based on a thorough identification of the most likely water inputs and outputs for a reservoir, this paper reviews the methods of calculation, estimation and modeling for all such flows and volume terms involved in reservoir water balance. These methods are either deterministic, statistical or stochastic in nature, depending upon the element of the water balance. The solutions to such methods range historically from graphical to analytical to numerical to complex computer software models. This paper also analyzes the recent application and uses of modeling efforts in different basins for various types of water bodies in tropical and subtropical latitudes.
