标题：Causes, Effects and Management Mechanisms of Drought Crisis in Rural and Nomadic Communities in Southeastern Iran as perceived by Agricultural/Rural Managers and Specialist
摘要：Iranian rural and nomadic communities living in drought-prone marginal areas with
subsistence economy, seem to be most vulnerable during the occurrence of drought crisis. Various
communities have their own different approaches to manage risk and crisis, including drought and
other natural disasters. In the past, however, traditional communities in dry lands typically managed
and protected their resources communally using their own indigenous knowledge. Under the current
situation, development of various mitigation mechanisms and crisis management systems have led to
optimistic visions for controlling drought and revitalizing livelihood systems of rural and nomadic
communities affected by drought. A survey research was conducted to identify and analyze the
causes, impacts and management mechanisms of drought crisis in rural and nomadic communities in
Southeastern Iran which have severely been affected by drought during the last decade. The sample
of the study encompassed 220 managers and specialists of various rural and agricultural related
governmental departments, who have been extensively participated in management and mitigation of
drought crisis. The instrument for data collection was a questionnaire which was validated by a panel
of experts and the reliability index was established by Cronbach’s coefficient. The collected data were
analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences Software. Major findings included: five
components were extracted for the causes of drought vulnerability, including: socio-economic,
livelihood, hydrological, agricultural, and metrological drought. Management mechanisms of drought
crisis summarized in five factors, namely as: integrated water resources management, institutional
capacity building, targeted supporting, systemic planning and sustainable development of agricultural
and livelihood. Based on the findings and conclusions of this study, specific recommendations were
made to reduce effects of drought crisis.
