摘要：Review and main results of the research project: Environmental exploitation by prehistorical
populations of Rio de Janeiro State.
This paper presents a panorama of the research developed in the scope of the project “Environmental
exploitation by prehistorical populations of Rio de Janeiro State”, its results and developments.
This project has had two distinctive phases, despite using the same theoretical-methodological approach.
In its first phase, it focused the elaboration of typologies for each site and the accomplishment of
comparative analysis, aiming to identify differences between the groups that occupied the coast of the
Rio de Janeiro State. By its research strategies, the project shares some of the principles of the
Historical-Cultural School.
In its second phase, using the Settlement Archaeology and the Behavioral Archaeology approaches, the
project established a model of social organization of the sambaqui’s society. Fishing was the basis of their
economy; settlement was defined by clearly demarcated communities. Analyses of spatial organization intra-
and inter-sites were multiplied.
In its final phase, the project incorporated the study of ceramists societies of the Una and Tupinambá
traditions, aiming to understand the process of destructuralization of the sambaqui’s society through the
elimination and/or acculturation of its members by the Goitacá and Tupinambá tribes.
关键词：archaeology, shellmounds, social organization, prehistory, littoral.
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