期刊名称：Discussion Papers / Norwegian School of Economics and Business Administration
印刷版ISSN：0804-6824
出版年度：2001
卷号：2001
出版社：Bergen
摘要：We test for internal and external economies of scale in European manufacturing employing a more
disaggregated data set than what has been used in earlier analyses, and aim to separate externalities
from common business cycle effects. Fifteen European manufacturing industries in Germany, France,
the U.K. and Italy are analysed. We focus on economies of scale at three levels: the national
industry, the national industrial cluster, and the transnational industry. Our results suggest that external
economies of scale arising from inter-industry external effects and cross-country effects are less
prevalent than increasing returns at the level of the industry and firm. Our r esults underscore the
importance of level of disaggregation in studies of internal and external economies of scale, and also
that the external effects are highly country and industry specific
关键词：internal and external economies of scale, new economic geography, clusters
