出版社：Forestry Commission of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences
摘要：The mass mortality of beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) in Hungary, which started in 2003 and
went on through 2004, is the result of a typical damage chain. Mortality appeared first of all in beech
forests close or outside of its native distribution area. The most significant reason was the drought
period from 2000 to 2004, which weakened the trees, and favoured the development of different pests
and pathogens. Characteristic symptoms were frequent at stand margins and in stands thinned for
regeneration. The direct causes of the mortality were insects, the green jewel beetle (Agrilus viridis)
and the beech bark beetle (Taphrorychus bicolor) as well as the fungus species Biscogniauxia
nummularia. With the improvement of weather conditions a continuous recovery of the stands has
been observed since 2005.
