摘要：Objective: To summarize the virology, modes of transmission, clinical manifestations, diagnostic studies, and available therapeutic modalities for West Nile virus (WNV) infection. Methods: Review of the literature. Results: WNV infection represents one of the most common arboviral diseases worldwide. Although most individuals with WNV infection are asymptomatic, a significant number of patients develop severe neurological disease including meningitis, encephalitis, and acute flaccid paralysis. WNV is primarily transmitted by the bite of infected mosquitoes, but other novel modes of WNV transmission have been reported. Physicians should maintain a high degree of clinical suspicion for WNV infections in patients presenting with an acute febrile illness, especially those with central nervous system manifestations in summer and fall. Treatment remains largely supportive and the emphasis remains on prevention. Conclusion: WNV infection remains a significant public health challenge.
